成年人的身体质量指数

The benefits of maintaining a healthy weight go far beyond improved energy 和 smaller clothing sizes. By losing weight or maintaining a healthy weight, you are also likely to enjoy these quality-of-life factors:

• 减少关节和肌肉疼痛
• More energy 和 greater ability to join in activities they enjoy
• Better control of bodily fluids 和 血压
• Reduced burden on your heart 和 circulatory system
• 更好的睡眠模式
• Reductions in blood triglycerides, blood glucose 和 your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes
• Reduced risk for heart disease 和 certain cancers

什么是BMI?

BMI is an indicator of the amount of body fat for most people. It is used as a screening tool to identify whether an adult is at a healthy weight.

• BMI is a numerical value of your weight in relation to your height. BMI在18之间.5 和 25 kg/m² indicates a normal weight. 身体质量指数低于18.5kg /m²被认为是重量不足. BMI在25kg /m²到29之间.9 kg/m²被认为是超重. A BMI of 30 kg/m² or higher is considered obese.
• To check your BMI, type your height 和 weight into the BMI calculator for adults from the National Institute of Health. A separate BMI percentile calculator should be used for children 和 teens that takes a child’s age 和 sex into consideration.
• 手动计算你的BMI, multiply your weight in pounds by 703, 除以你的身高，单位是英寸, then divide again by your height in inches.
• Waist circumference is the distance around your natural waist (at the iliac crest, or hip bone). 如果你的体重指数在25-35公斤/米之间², your goal for waist circumference is less than 40 inches if you're an adult man 和 less than 35 inches if you're a non-pregnant woman. 
• Some well-trained people with dense muscle mass may have a high BMI score but very little body fat. 为他们, 腰围, the skinfold thickness 或更多的 direct methods of measuring body fat may be more useful measurements than BMI. 

Excess weight increases the heart's work. 这也提高了 血压 和 血液中胆固醇 和 triglyceride levels 和 lowers HDL (good) cholesterol levels. It can make diabetes more likely to develop, too.

Lifestyle changes that help you maintain a 3% to 5% weight loss are likely to result in clinically meaningful improvements in blood glucose 和 triglycerides 和 lower your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Greater weight loss (5% to 10%) can even help reduce 血压 和 improve 血液中胆固醇. 

Your body is made up of water, fat, protein, carbohydrates 和 various vitamins 和 minerals. If you have too much fat — especially if a lot of it is at your waist — you're at higher risk for health problems such as high 血压, high 血液中胆固醇 和 diabetes. That increases your risk for heart diseases 和 stroke. 

来确定你的风险, find your height in feet 和 inches in the first column of the following table. The ranges of weight that correspond to minimal risk, moderate risk (overweight) 和 high risk (obese) are shown in the three columns for each height.

Obesity is a major, independent risk factor for heart disease. 如果你超重或肥胖, you can reduce your risk for heart disease by losing weight 和 keeping it off.

_{(Adapted from Obesity Education Initiative: Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, 评价, 和 Treatment of 超重 和 Obesity in Adults, 美国国立卫生研究院, 国家心脏, 肺, 血液研究所, 肥胖研究，1998, 6(补充2:51 - 209s)}